A complete, production‑ready stack of hardware + software for routing, carving, drilling, turning and beam‑saw cutting. Built on Radonix PC‑Smart / PC‑Pro controllers and purpose‑built interfaces.
Radonix delivers a unified control platform for wood routing and turning: PC‑Smart 4A / PC‑Pro LAN 4A/6A controllers, process‑specific interfaces (XYZ Router, XYZ + ATC, XYZA Rotary, XZ/XZA Lathe, Beam Saw), and CAM features that run DXF directly. From cabinet doors and 2.5D panels to 4‑axis balusters and panel breakdown, we emphasize smooth motion, intelligent tool management, and shop‑floor reliability.
• Direct DXF run, 2D parametrics, simulation & start‑from‑shape
• True interpolation, S‑curve accel/decel, corner smoothing
• Automatic tool change options (inline or rotary magazine)
• Rotary A‑axis for wrapped carving & 3D profiles
• Beam saw cut‑list execution & pusher control
• Probing / set‑reference and tool length sensor support
• AnyDesk remote setup & diagnostics
• Faster job prep: import DXF → nest → simulate → cut
• Consistent edge quality with tuned feeds/accelerations
• Less downtime via smart ATC macros & tool check
• Precision on complex geometric/rotary details
• Efficient panel breakdown with optimized sequences
• Safer operations with interlocks and resume controls
Ready‑to‑use interfaces covering 2D routing, multi‑axis carving, wood turning and high‑throughput panel cutting.
3‑axis routing for panels, doors, signs & reliefs. Direct DXF, pocketing/engraving, adaptive passes.
• Interpolated XYZ with pulse/dir outputs
• Kerf/offset, lead‑in/out, tabs, ramps, onion‑skin
• Nesting, array, mirror, rotate, scaling, simulation
• VFD spindle control (0–10 V) + on/off + speed sync
Add A‑axis for wrapped carving & rotary details—balusters, columns, complex profiles.
• Simultaneous XYZ + A; index or continuous modes
• 3D preview; pass planning for surface finish
• Accurate pulse/dir to A‑axis; diameter setup
• Start‑from‑line & recovery tools
• Control of main saw + scoring saw (RUN/0–10 V/RPM)*
• Pressure beam raise/lower; clamps and safety interlocks
• Servo/stepper pusher carriage with absolute/relative moves
• Cut‑sequence execution from lists; barcode/label hooks**
*If VFD/drive supports analog control. **Integration via CSV/JSON import points
Automatic tool change for high‑mix production. Linear or rotary magazines, safe zones and anti‑collision logic.
• M6 ATC macros with tool library & length sensor
• Tool life, break detection hooks, and recovery
• Safe retract, clearance planes, zone interlocks
• Ideal for furniture & cabinet lines
CNC wood turning with programmable rough/finish passes and profile replication. Optional A‑axis for ornamental work.
• Pass depth, tool advance per pass, diameter control
• 2D parametric designs without external G‑code
• Live preview of the final workpiece
XYZ Router is a 3‑axis (X, Y, Z) CNC router for wood, plastics, light metals, and composites. XYZ Router TC adds an Automatic Tool Changer (ATC)—either linear or carousel—to enable multi‑tool jobs without operator intervention. Both run on Radonix PC‑based controllers, execute standard G‑code and direct DXF, and provide real‑time path preview, overrides, and rich I/O.
(PC‑Smart 3A/4A/6A or PC‑Pro LAN) → Step/Dir to Servo/Stepper Drives → Motors (X, Y, Z) → Mechanics (rack & pinion/ball screw) → Spindle + VFD (0–10 V or Modbus) → Sensors (home/limits, probe, tool setter) → ATC hardware (drawbar, magazine, air solenoids) → Peripherals (vacuum table, dust collector, mist). Radonix is open‑loop pulse/dir by default; closed‑loop via servo drive encoders. Feed/Spindle overrides available through analog inputs or HMI sliders
Axes/Sign: X (gantry left↔right), Y (table front↔back), Z (up↔down). Positive Z is up. Default plane G17 (XY); use G18 (XZ) or G19 (YZ) only for special toolpaths.
Gantry with dual motors: configure Y + Y2 (slave) with auto‑squaring on home; independent home switches remove racking. After homing, planner locks Y/Y2 to remain parallel.
Coordinate systems: Machine coords G53 for safe moves; part zeros via G54…G59 (work offsets). Temporary shift with G92 when needed.
3D vs 2.5D: 2.5D jobs (profile/pocket/drill) step Z between XY passes. 3D surfacing uses simultaneous XYZ interpolation with look‑ahead and jerk‑limited blends.
Kinematic model: Cartesian (no transform) → direct steps/mm per axis. For optional A‑rotary add-on, enable 4‑axis kinematics with angular steps/deg and radius comp if toolpath assumes arc‑length feed.
Helical interpolation: Supported via simultaneous G2/G3 + Z move (check post). If CAM emits linearized helices, planner blends segments per CV tolerance.
Tool length & comp: Apply G43 Hn (tool length offset) after each change; lateral cutter comp G41/G42 only when post and motion are validated (routers usually use “wear” or no comp; rely on CAM offsets).
Woodworking: cabinetry, doors, panels, furniture parts, reliefs
Plastics & composites: panels, FR‑4, carbon fiber, acrylic, PVC, HDPE
Light metals: aluminum signmaking, fixtures (conservative DOC & feeds)
Stone/solid surface (with appropriate tooling & coolant)
Signage & advertising, thermowood façades, acoustic panels
Controller Options
PC‑Smart 3A: 3 interpolated axes (XYZ). Ideal for basic routers.
PC‑Smart 4A/6A: extra axes for rotary, gantry slave, or future expansion.
PC‑Pro LAN: industrial LAN controller for harsher environments/long cable runs.
Drives & Motors
Steppers (NEMA 23/34) or AC servos (750 W–2 kW common). Gantry Y may be dual‑drive.
Spindle & VFD
2.2–9 kW air/water‑cooled spindles. Control via 0–10 V analog and spindle enable; optional Modbus (start/stop, RPM).
Sensors & I/O
Home/limit switches (X, Y, Z), door interlock, E‑stop chain, vacuum/dust outputs, probe (touch plate), fixed tool length setter, ATC solenoids (drawbar, carousel/linear slide, pop‑up pins), air pressure OK.
Tool Changer (TC)
Linear ATC: rack on gantry or machine side; 6–12 tools typical.
Carousel ATC: rotating magazine; 8–12 pockets typical.
ISO/HSK cones with pneumatic drawbar; tool presence sensor optional.
Power: separate supplies for logic (24 VDC) and drives. Proper grounding/star earthing.
E‑Stop Chain: physical mushroom → safety relay → controller enable → drive enable → VFD stop.
Limits/Homing: normally‑closed recommended; shielded cables; debounce in HMI.
Analog I/O: 0–10 V to VFD; analog inputs for Feed/Spindle override potentiometers.
Outputs: Vacuum, Dust Collector, Mist/Coolant, ATC solenoids, Air‑OK lamp/buzzer.
Inputs: Tool Setter, Probe Plate, Door, Air Pressure OK, Tool Presence, Magazine at Pocket[n], Safe‑Z OK.
Job Loading: G‑code (.nc, .tap) and direct DXF.
Preview: 2D/3D path simulation, estimated time, remaining time.
Work Offsets: G54–G59 + G92; quick zeroing macros.
Tool Table: T1…T20 with diameter, length, max RPM, material notes.
ATC UI (TC model): pocket map, tool life counter, recovery wizard.
Overrides: Feed (%) and Spindle (%) from HMI or analog knob.
Probing: Z‑touch plate, fixed tool setter, corner/module probe routines.
Camera (optional): top‑down alignment for print‑to‑cut.
Safety Interlocks: E‑stop/door/air pressure integrated; alarm pop‑ups with logs.
S‑curve acceleration to reduce jerk and vibration on wood panels.
Look‑ahead (buffered) for smooth cornering; G64 (continuous) vs G61 (exact stop).
Arcs: G2/G3 with IJK; spline/Bezier converted by CAM.
Backlash comp (if needed on Z) and gantry auto‑square.
Linear Rack (typical M6):
Check interlocks (spindle off, RPM=0, Z above SafeZ, air OK).
Move to Tool Drop‑off position of current tool.
Open drawbar (solenoid ON), pause; release tool.
Retract Z; index to Target Pocket for Tn.
Lower Z; close drawbar (solenoid OFF) to grip tool; verify tool presence.
Lift to SafeZ; return to machining position; update active tool & length.
Carousel (typical M6):
SafeZ; park XY at tool change point.
Spin carousel to pocket n (motor/stepper or Geneva; pocket sensor).
Open drawbar, swap tool, presence check, close drawbar.
Optional tool length probe on setter; apply TLO.
Mechanical
Square gantry; tram spindle; set table planarity; verify backlash.
Motion
Steps/mm (or elec. gearing) per axis; max velocity/accel; direction polarity.
Home sequence (Z→X→Y/Y2), homing speeds, soft limits & work envelope.
Spindle/VFD
Calibrate 0–10 V scaling to RPM; set ramp times, min/max RPM, brake.
Probing & Tool Length
Calibrate touch plate thickness; set fixed tool setter Z reference.
ATC
Teach pocket coordinates; set dwell times; test tool presence; recovery flow.
XZ Lathe (Woodturning): 2‑axis CNC lathe for spindles, balusters, chair/table legs, and ornamental profiles. Axes: Z (longitudinal), X (radial). Spindle is VFD‑driven.
XZA Lathe: Adds A‑axis (spindle angle control) for indexed or synchronized features: spiral fluting, barley‑twist, rope/helix patterns, polygonal flats, and multi‑start decorative grooves.
Controller: Radonix PC‑Smart (3A/4A/6A) or PC‑Pro LAN. Open‑loop pulse/dir to drives; VFD via 0–10 V or Modbus. Optional spindle encoder enables CSS and sync features.
Furniture and architecture: table/chair legs, stair balusters, newel posts, columns.
Decorative features: spiral/rope twists, indexed flats, fluting, inlay channels.
Bowl/blank facing and simple contouring (within travel/fixturing limits).
Carriage: X slide with form/knife tool, Z slide along bed; optional gang plate or quick‑change block.
Spindle: VFD‑controlled, pneumatic draw or manual collet/chuck; A measured or commanded (stepper/servo) on XZA models.
Tailstock: manual or pneumatic, live center; programmable quill optional.
Supports: steady rest (manual or pneumatic pop‑up) for long slender parts.
Sensors/I‑O: E‑stop, door/guard, home/limits, air‑OK, tool presence (optional), tailstock engaged, steady rest locked.
Z parallel to spindle axis (positive toward tailstock unless specified).
X radial (diameter control). Many posts program diameter mode (X value equals finished diameter); ensure HMI is set accordingly.
A spindle angle in degrees (0–360…); A increases with M3 rotation convention.
Work Offsets: Use G54 for chuck face & spindle center reference. Probe or touch‑off X with a calibrated diameter.
XZ (Cartesian) for turning; XZA (Cylindrical/Helical) for synchronized patterns where A and Z move concurrently.
G61 exact‑stop for sharp steps/forms; G64 CV blending for smooth sweeps.
Acceleration: S‑curve recommended to avoid chatter on slender stock.
Look‑ahead: Increase for dense ornamental paths (micro‑segments).
Feeds: G94 mm/min is default. G95 (mm/rev) available only when an encoder is present; otherwise disable to prevent desync.
Spindle Control: S, M3/M4/M5. With encoder: G96 CSS (m/min) and G97 RPM; without encoder, fixed RPM only (G97).
Sync/Index (XZA):
Indexed: stop spindle at A = k·(360/N) to mill/knife flats or flutes.
Synchronized helix: coordinated A+Z motion with defined lead (mm/rev) or pitch; inverse‑time G93 helpful for very short blocks.
Import DXF profile (half‑section) for classic turning; HMI revolves it around Z.
For spirals: CAM as cylindrical unwrap (A ↔ Y mapping) or parametric macro that converts lead & depth into coordinated A/Z motion.
Posts: Fanuc‑style lathe post; diameter mode; optional cycles mapped to macros.
Roughing/Finishing: G71/G70‑style macros for wood (constant RPM), programmable stock allowance and step‑down.
Facing: single‑block or macro.
Grooving/Parting: groove width, peck depth, dwell.
Copy Turning: follow DXF or point list; smoothing parameter (Bezier/arc fit).
Spiral/Flute (XZA): parameters: starts, lead (mm/rot), depth, pass count, index shift.
Polygon/Flat (Indexed): N‑sides, dwell, depth per pass.
Define execution order (e.g., polygon first, then circle) to minimize tool/angle changes.
Path preview to verify sequence, depths, and potential collisions.
Tools: roughing knife, finishing/form tool, V‑groove, parting, custom form.
Spindle Speed: 800–3000 RPM typical for wood; choose to avoid chatter & burning.
Pass Strategy: roughing with larger DOC and conservative feed; finishing with light DOC and higher feed for clean surface.
Dust/Chip: high‑flow extraction; add guard interlock.
Square tailstock to spindle; check bed straightness.
Touch‑off X with calibration bar/known diameter; set diameter mode in HMI.
Verify A‑home (index sensor) on XZA; set zero relative to chuck key slot or probe.
Tune steps/mm (X,Z) and steps/deg (A); set accel/jerk to prevent chatter.
If encoder: set pulses/rev, direction, and CSS limits.
Architectural columns, balusters, sculpted table/chair legs
360° reliefs, statues on a cylindrical blank, totems, lamp posts
Spiral/rope twist, barley‑twist, flutes (straight/spiral), V‑carved patterns
Indexed decorative panels (N‑face), mortise/tenon flats aligned at angles
Axes: X (radial toward part center), Y (tool travel around fixture width), Z (along the column), A (rotary of the blank).
Router spindle: 1.5–3.2 kW typical with ER collet; VFD 0–10 V or Modbus.
Rotary: servo/stepper‑driven headstock with chuck/collet; live center/tailstock; optional A‑encoder for precise indexing, phase sync, and CSS‑like RPM control.
Supports: steady rest(s) for long slender parts; pneumatic pop‑up optional.
I/O: door/guard interlock, E‑stop, air‑OK, tailstock locked, steady rest locked, tool length probe, laser pointer/camera for alignment.
Z: longitudinal axis along the column; X: radial toward center (X=0 ≈ centerline).
Y: lateral axis for side‑to‑side tool access/clearance; also used to position cutters for pocketing features.
A: part rotation in degrees (positive with M3). For wrapped toolpaths, CAM maps an unrolled circumference (Y′) to A via A = 360° * (Y′ / (π·D)).
Work offsets: G54 origin commonly at chuck face and centerline; touch‑off X using a gauge diameter or probing routine; set A‑zero on a physical feature/mark.
Modes:
3+1 indexed: machine aligns A to k·(360/N), machines with XYZ, then re‑indexes.
4‑axis simultaneous: coordinated XYZ with A to maintain cutter contact/lead.
G64 CV recommended for flowing 3D wraps; G61 for sharp indexed flats.
Look‑ahead increased for dense 4‑axis segment streams from CAM.
Accel/Jerk: S‑curve to minimize vibration on rotating blanks; conservative X accel to avoid chatter; Z/Y can be higher within rigidity limits.
Feeds: G94 (mm/min). G93 inverse‑time useful for highly segmented 4‑axis toolpaths to keep velocity uniform around curvature.
A control: step/dir with steps/deg; with encoder, enable A homing/index and precise re‑entry after pauses.
Wrapped (cylindrical) relief: prepare a flat model sized Z by circumference (π·D); CAM in 3‑axis, then Wrap Y→A in post (VCarve/Aspire Rotary, Fusion 360 Rotary/Wrapping, ArtCAM/Carveco). Ensure post outputs A in degrees and consistent arc/linear modes.
True 4‑axis: use a rotary toolpath strategy (Fusion 360 4‑axis, Carveco 4‑axis) for synchronized A motion during surface following.
Indexing: program A to exact angles (e.g., 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°) and cut faces with standard 3‑axis ops; store A offsets per face.
Posts: Fanuc‑style with A‑axis enabled; allow G93/G94 switching; keep arc output to XY only if rotary solver in controller expects linearized A moves.
Set steps/mm for XYZ and steps/deg for A; verify with dial test & rotary disc.
Calibrate tool length (G43) and probe Z‑setter; tram router spindle to bed.
Check runout of the blank and chuck concentricity; skim pass if needed.
Align A‑zero to an index mark; define safe A park for tool changes.
Configure soft limits as a cylinder envelope to prevent gouging at small diameters.
Cutters: ball nose (3D finishing), flat end mills (rough/pocket), V‑bits (V‑carve), tapered ball (detail), keyseat for grooves.
Strategy: rough with coarse step‑over along Z while A rotates; finish with small step‑over (3–10%) and constant scallop; use helical leads & ramped entries.
RPM/Feed: 12k–20k RPM common for hardwoods; feeds 1000–4000 mm/min depending on diameter and support; avoid burning by balancing chipload and RPM.
Supports: engage steady rest near mid‑span; reduce A speed when far from supports.
Full enclosure/guard with interlock; vacuum extraction tailored for rotary chips.
E‑stop → safety relay → drive enables/VFD stop; tailstock/steady presence input.
Auto G53 Z Safe retract before A‑rapid re‑index and M6; door‑open spindle stop.
A beam saw (panel saw) cuts sheet goods (MDF, particleboard, plywood, laminates, acrylic) into precise rectangular parts. The work is clamped by a pressure beam, pushed to position by a pusher fence with grippers, and cut by a main saw with an optional scoring blade. Radonix controllers run deterministic moves, clamp/beam interlocks, and recipe/optimizer imports for batch cutting.
Cabinet & furniture shops, panel processing lines, interior fit‑out
Nesting + strip cutting workflows; cut‑to‑size shops and OEM panel lines
Axes (typical):
Y (Pusher/Fence): positions stack/strip to cut dimension
X (Carriage/Travel): saw carriage traverse across panel
Z (Blade Height): sets blade projection above panel (optional motorized)
Actuators & Subsystems: pressure beam cylinder, side aligners (squaring pistons), top clamps/grippers, dust hoods, conveyor/outfeed, label printer
Spindles: main saw (e.g., 7.5–15 kW) and scoring saw (separate small motor); VFD control
Key I/O: E‑stop chain, door/guard switches, beam down sensor, clamp closed sensors, vacuum/dust status, pusher torque/overload, saw RPM OK, blade up/down, scoring on/off, carriage home/limit, Y encoder/scale
Machine coords:
Y=0 at the saw line; Y+ pushes work away from saw
X traverses the saw carriage across the panel (X min/max define cut width capability)
Z blade height from table reference (0 = retracted)
Work offsets: G54 sets zero at saw line; recipe dimensions are absolute Y from saw line
Squaring: Side aligners bump the pack against reference fence before first cut
Exact‑stop (G61) around clamp/beam actuation for safety
Constant‑velocity (G64) only on long X traverses when clear of clamps
Acceleration: S‑curve to prevent panel shift; reduced jerk during X entry/exit
Feeds: G94 mm/min; X feed set from material/tool table; Y rapid positioning with torque/drive monitoring
Load & Align: operator loads stack; side aligners pulse to square
Beam Down: verify pressure beam and clamps closed; interlock check
Set Blade: spin scoring saw (optional), then main saw to RPM; set Z height
Position: move Y to target dimension for first rip
Cut: traverse X across (forward cut); optional return cut disabled unless required
Index: retract X; move Y to next dimension; repeat
Unload/Label: outfeed moves, label print per part; beam up when safe
Import CSV/JSON/DXF‑list with parts (L×W×Qty, Grain, Material, Edge band sides)
Built‑in strip optimizer groups parts by width; sequence: rips → cross‑cuts
Label data per part: ID, dimensions, grain, project, barcode/QR
Remnant logic with barcode to reuse offcuts; stock update hooks
Batch Queue with material presets; simulate cut sequence with time estimate
Tool Table: blade kerf, diameter, max RPM, scoring offset (X and Z)
Clamp Map: teaches clamp positions and safe zones; live status of beam/clamps
Interlocks: BeamDown, GuardClosed, RPM_OK, ClampOK, Dust_OK; alarm logs
Overrides: X feed %, saw RPM %, soft‑stop & resume between cuts
Mechanics: verify pusher fence straightness; dial test Y scale vs tape; adjust backlash/comp if permitted
Blade/Scoring: set scoring depth (0.5–1.0 mm), lateral offset to match kerf; calibrate Z heights
I/O teach: beam down travel, clamp close times, torque thresholds, dust gates
Safety: validate E‑stop chain, door interlocks; test safe retract sequences